You definitely should squat but if it's too uncomfortable for you (the weight isnt on your neck) you need to be doing leg press or hack squat machines brother.
Deadlifts are very developmental but at your age might not be worth the risk. You can do "back extensions" using the back extension stand or ghd stand. And add leg curls, and you will have lower risk substitution for deadlifts.
You need to be pushing weight Overhead for shoulder development also. When it comes to physical appearance, straight arm lateral raise movements are considered essential for shoulder width (and shoulder to waist ratio)
When you come back to the states up north for work I can take you as a guest to the gym for free and we can run through some stuff